Heat Exhaustion

What is Heat Exhaustion?

• Heat exhaustion is a heat-related condition that occurs after exposure to high temperatures, often accompanied by dehydration.
• It can be a serious condition that leads to heat stroke if left untreated.

Causes of Heat Exhaustion

• Intense physical activity
• Wearing heavy clothing in hot weather
• High temperatures
• High humidity
• Inadequate hydration

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion

• Dizziness or fainting
• Heavy sweating
• Weakness or fatigue
• Nausea or vomiting
• Rapid heartbeat
• Headache
• Muscle cramps
• Dark urine (a sign of dehydration) and decreased urine output

Risk Factors for Heat Exhaustion

• Age
• Infants and children are at higher risk.
• Elderly individuals are more susceptible.
• Health Conditions
• Chronic illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory issues.
• Obesity and poor physical condition.
• Medications
• Certain medications can affect the body's ability to regulate temperature.
• Occupations
• Construction Workers: Prolonged exposure to direct sunlight and high temperatures. Heavy physical labor increases body heat production.
• Agricultural Workers & Landscapers: Long hours working in fields, often lacking shade. Exposure to pesticides, machinery heat, and physical exertion.

Prevention of Heat Exhaustion

• Wear Appropriate Clothing
• Avoid wearing too much or tight clothing, which can prevent proper cooling.
• Stay Hydrated
• Helps the body sweat effectively and maintain a normal temperature.
• Avoid Direct Sunlight
• Stay in the shade or indoors during peak hours (10 AM - 4 PM).
• Use Fans or Air Conditioning
• Stay cool in air-conditioned spaces or use fans.
• Agricultural Workers & Landscapers: Long hours working in fields, often lacking shade. Exposure to pesticides, machinery heat, and physical exertion.
• Take Breaks
• Take frequent breaks in a cool environment if working or exercising outdoors.
• Acclimate to the Heat
• Gradually increase exposure to high temperatures.
• Plan Activities Wisely
• Schedule exercise or labor for cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or evening.
• Protect Against Sunburn
• Use sunscreen (SPF 15+), wear a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses, and reapply sunscreen every two hours.
• Never Leave Anyone in a Parked Car
• Cars can heat up rapidly, causing heat-related deaths, especially in children.

What to Do in Case of Heat Exhaustion:

• First Aid Measures:
• Move the person to a shaded, cool area and remove outer clothing.
• Place cold wet cloths or ice on the head, neck, armpits, and groin.
• Circulate air around the person to speed cooling.
• Offer sips of cool water, avoiding caffeine and alcohol.
• Monitor Symptoms
• Watch for signs of heatstroke, such as confusion, loss of consciousness, or seizures.
• Seek Medical Help
• If symptoms worsen or don’t improve within an hour, seek medical attention immediately.
• Prevent Recurrence
• Avoid exposure to similar conditions until fully recovered.

Complications

If heat exhaustion is not treated, it can lead to heatstroke. Heatstroke occurs when your core body temperature reaches 104°F (40°C) or higher. Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical attention to prevent permanent damage to the brain and other vital organs, which can be fatal.